Noncommercial, educational use only. JD: I think a great example of this is actually looking back to the 1970s when molecular—what we call molecular cloning—was getting started. Dave Micklos was the leader of an effort to make those archives available online in the 1990s, which was still the early days of the web. It’s part of learning from history, just like what we’re doing now. BS: I think I see where this is going. So, that led to conversations that were convened in Asilomar, California by scientists who wanted to get a conversation going about the responsible use of molecular cloning. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory's Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement. Later in the episode, Jennifer Doudna, a professor at UC Berkeley and co-discoverer of the CRISPR, weighs in on how to responsibly use the new powers over the human genome that she helped bring into the world.
Post was not sent - check your email addresses! CSHL’s director at the time, James Watson, was also a leader of the project. Eugenicists decided that a young woman named Carrie Buck from Virginia was so feeble-minded that she should be sterilized—meaning that her ability to have children would be surgically destroyed—and in 1927, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed, 8 to 1. Gary Stix is a senior editor at Scientific American. If Davenport thought that love of the sea was genetic, he surely thought that feeble-mindedness was, too. How could it not? There are photos of grinning parents, children, and grandparents being judged like livestock at these competitions and it’s… unsettling to say they least – but if you’re interested in checking them out, and I hope you are, you can find them at LabDish.cshl.edu. There’s no scientific reason to think that family members’ shared love of the sea must have a genetic basis. The event in progress this day, Genome Engineering: The Crisper/Cas Revolution, was conceived and convened by Jennifer Doudna, Maria Jasin and Jonathan Weissman. AA: Yes.
And so, this is something that everyone now is grappling with.
AA: It is mean. AA: Good genes. DM: Well, I was poking around the archives a long time ago, and I pulled up a couple of tracks and brochures from the eugenics time — I was writing a little history of the Lab for the 100th anniversary, and so I put one paragraph on eugenics in it, and I think I said it was misguided at the very least, but it was pretty pabulum.
What is today known as Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory was once at the center of the American eugenics movement, when it was home to the Eugenics Record Office from 1910 to 1939, at …
Yet it was during this period that the bogus concept of hereditary criminality and a made-up disease known as feeble-mindedness became part of some scientists’ so-called studies of genetics. BS: This was really cool. AA: Exactly. AA: Here’s how a doctor defined feeble-mindedness in 1912 in the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine: it is “the synonym of human inefficiency and one of the great sources of human wretchedness and degradation.”. That means being able to make changes to DNA in human embryos or human eggs or sperm that we would heritable. The final irony is most of the participants in the CRISPR/Cas Revolution meeting – Asians, Jews, Russians – would have been denied entry under the ERO inspired alien immigration act. An article titled Heredity Criminality and its Certain Cure, by Warren Foster in a 1909 issue of Pearsons Magazine. Subscribers get more award-winning coverage of advances in science & technology. It’s largely thanks to Dave that I now do know that there was a very prominent eugenics movement in the U.S. His effort to inform as many people as possible about this dark but important history started in 1995, earlier in his career at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Home / Newsstand / CSHL Stories and Media. DM: So, you could segregate them, and hope that they didn’t get out and reproduce, or you could just sterilize them, which was a surer solution to what they thought was a eugenic problem. Science shows what is possible to do. In 1913, in an article in the magazine Popular Science, he wrote: “The recognition of the part that heredity plays in determining human behavior … leads us to recognize the true worth and the real limitations of education, religion and other good influences, and leads us to conclude that the greatest advance that humanity can make is to secure an increasing proportion of fit marriages producing the largest number of effective, socially good offspring to carry on the world’s work.”. The irony is extreme. Well, that had never been done before. But let’s check in again ten years later, in 1917. It’s up to all of us, scientists and non-scientists of all backgrounds, to use that knowledge to figure out what is right to do in our very nuanced society. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Advisory, Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience on the site. This day however, bright images projected on screens across CHSL during scientific presentations seem to have blown away the dark shadows of the past. But Miriam Rich did offer some insights into what needs to be considered and who needs to be included in those discussions. As in, men who are in the navy?
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